On September 5, 2024, the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) of the U.S. Department of Commerce issued an interim final rule (IFR) as a supplement to the Export Control List (CCL) to implement controls on key and emerging technologies that have reached broad technical agreements among international partners. The IFR mainly involves quantum computing projects, and will also affect equipment for producing advanced semiconductors, additive manufacturing projects for producing metal parts, and all-around gate field-effect transistors (GAAFETs).

Silicon-28 is often used in the manufacture of quantum chips due to its spin-free physical properties. In order to maintain the leading position of the United States and its allies in the field of quantum computing, in the IFR, BIS listed epitaxial materials composed of silicon-28 as "substrate", common gaseous compounds of silicon-28, and oxides of silicon-28 as export controlled items coded as 3C907, 3C908, and 3C909, respectively, on the grounds of threatening national security.

At present, the CCL clearly imposes export controls on three stable isotopes: lithium-6, boron-10, and silicon-28. Lithium-6 and boron-10 are important materials needed for the development of the nuclear industry, especially in nuclear power plants. They were included in the CCL by BIS as early as 2019.